IKEAs Corporate Social Responsibility and Supply Management Coursework

IKEAs Corporate Social Responsibility and Supply Management - Coursework Example It is noted that since the year 2000, IKEA has worked actively towards meeting its set corporate social responsibility towards its business sustainability. The first area of CRS that IKEA started channeling its efforts was to meet the social requirement of its stakeholders by complying in its supply chain. In other words, IKEA created effective business relationship with investors and supplies towards sustainable business. Additionally, IKEA has made RCS its organizational culture that aims at enduring effective partnership with all stakeholders as it support social issues, protect the environment, and giving back to the society. Notably, IKEA is highly involved in the community development a responsibility that makes it in active interaction with its various stakeholders. IKEA has also set code of conduct within its operation to ensure that its employees interact among themselves and with other stakeholders in socially acceptable manners. IKEA started implementing its code of conduc t in the year 2000.

A written analysis of an ethical dilemma in health care ethics Essay - 1

A written analysis of an ethical dilemma in health care ethics - Essay Example Other organisations have chosen to implement a set of guidelines—used to help individual employees make a choice when faced with an ethical dilemma. The health care industry is one such organisation that tries to balance individual thought and critical thinking decision-making skills with ethical guidelines set forth via laws, regulations, and company policies. Every person, regardless of his or her chosen career or lifestyle, will eventually be forced to make a decision in an ethical dilemma. This dilemma may be as simple as whether or not to tell a friend that he or she may be getting laid off from work or as difficult as deciding whether or not a person has the sense and capability of making a decision on his or her own regarding healthcare and treatment. Doctors often face scenarios such as these often. Generally, doctors can turn to laws and legal documentation regarding how to proceed with a course of action. For example, if a woman were to go to a hospital with an extreme case of preeclampsia: do the doctors work to save her life and the life of her child, or do they respect the patient’s wishes to be left alone. In this particular scenario, several people are involved in the decision-making process; and several others hold stakes in the results of the decision once made. First, the mother has already been informed that without a caesarean, she will die. Additionally, without allowing the doctors to perform the caesarean, the mother has been informed that her baby will also die. The third group of stakeholders in this scenario is the doctors treating Mrs. M. The Doctors face the difficult decision of forcing Mrs. M to endure a terrifying and difficult procedure, or allowing Mrs. M to make a choice that may kill both herself and her baby. Preeclampsia, sometimes called toxaemia, affects nearly five percent of all pregnancies throughout the world (Cleveland Clinic 2007); this disorder is â€Å"one of the leading causes of premature

Boardman Management RFP Assesment Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Boardman Management RFP Assesment - Article Example At the primary stage of analysis, Boardman Management will need to investigate the possibility of using lower-priced materials. If this is not possible, the organizational structure will be redesigned to take advantage of lower-priced materials. Such an approach will enable the company to remain competitive and, in some cases, beat the prices of its competitors. Additionally, the assessment will be made regarding the possibility of storing the cost data for in-process items on-line within the computerized information system so that cost data would always be up to date. With the implementation of such an approach, the problem of out-of-date standard cost figures should never recur (Burkun, 2006). The analysis of the budget will be an important step for Boardman Management to evaluate and calculate investment decisions. Budgets are both planning and control mechanisms that, although essential to control (particularly cost control), serve as a balance between planning and control. They refer to future periods of time, and translate company plans into financial resources. They furnish a guide for future expenditures, and by helping to guide actual performance toward budgeted performance, assist in the achievement of objectives. Budgets establish expected relationships among a number of factors in need of control, such as expenses for advertising, product planning, personal selling, and product development. They may be thought of as short-run aspects of planning (Burkun, 2006). The next step is to analyze the proposed structure of changes and their impact on the organization. The evaluation will uncover an important problem that is not included initially in the investigation. The assistant analysis will take several directions. The company will analyze costs required for implementation and change management, and time schedule. The cost control difficulties caused by restructuring are not hard for the experienced outside auditors to detect. However, developing appropriate recommendations in the form of cost control procedures take a little more time. Such analysis requires the development of different cost information, with cost classifications normally supplied by accounting statements. But generating relevant cost information from accounting statements, though conceptually simple, is actually quite complicated. First, the problem of discerning the costs of different activities is not easy (Burkun, 2006). Second, the allocation of costs among functions and other control units involves subjective judgments. Accountants classify expenditures on a natural basis. Hence, costs may be assigned to advertising, personal selling, transportation, warehousing, and sales promotion. The real purpose of these expenditures, however, is to achieve other objectives, such as sales, market position, image, and reputation. The next step of responses evaluation is to analyze pros and cons of the proposed software and its benefits for the company. The effectiveness of management and its staff in fulfilling their assigned tasks is evaluated. Within the next subsection, the ability of R&D management to exert the necessary leadership to accomplish stated objectives and oversee R&D projects effectively is examined. In a somewhat similar manner, the upward and downward flows of information between different departments and its staff

Community Policing case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community Policing case study - Essay Example The adjacent park may serve as a place for the gangs and drug related activity and cause additional disturbance of the residents. The problems concern all the residents of both multi-family dwellings and private owners of the one-family dwellings. Their cooperation with the police can provide effective and quick results, while it would be difficult to cope with the situation without the residents’ assistance. 1. It is preferable to appoint two line officers to the community. They are to be engaged in turn in foot and motor patrols around the district. Implementing each other, they will provide short response time in extreme situations. The typical duties of the police officers should be foot or motor patrols, visiting homes, making contacts, handling complaints, attendance of community meetings, organizing neighboring groups, checking and tagging the abandoned cars, visiting school area and working with teenagers and juveniles. 2. The officers of the local police department should be trained in community policing and be able to react quickly and in appropriate manner. It is possible to organize the hot line dealing with the community issues and providing quick response. 3. The police officers are to organize a number of community meetings and have a talk with all the residents of the area, to introduce themselves, acquaint the residents with the philosophy of community policing and offer the plan of actions. 4. It is necessary to organize the block clubs and the watch association, to appoint committees dealing with various issues. The functions of these community organizations will be to assist the police in solving day to day issues, as well as to set the drug and gang problems, to decide on funding and gather money from the residents, organize volunteer patrols about the area and in the park. The officers are to be catalysts in the formation of the neighborhood associations,

Taoism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Taoism - Research Paper Example This paper will introduce the main ideas of Taoism in contrast to Confucianism, and will show how they might be a source of wisdom and inspiration to modern Western life. Taoism: Yang Chu, Lao Zi, Zhuang Zi Three central figures may be identified in the birth and proliferation of Taoist thought. These are Yang Chu, Lao Zi, and Zhuang Zi. Yang Chu proposes a very basic form of naturalism. His main goal is basic to the Taoist view: to preserve life and to avoid injury. But Yang Chu’s way is through what might be called escapism. It is said that Yang Chu retired in the forest to dwell close to the animals who knew nature. A famous anecdote (Fung 62) says that he refused a calling to be an official precisely because he wanted to preserve his life. A horse does not need more than a few licks of water from a lake to satisfy its thirst. Why would one want more than the humblest abode and a few morsels of food to live? This simplicity advocated by Yang Chu has often been interpreted a s selfishness, for he is supposed to have told people to not give up a single strand of their hair even if it meant they would have a whole kingdom in their hands. But on deeper examination, we find that Yang Chu’s refusal to join the world is really his way of preserving life. Once we give a piece, people will want more and more until we have no more to give; until we have no more. Thus, Yang Chu advises against giving up even a single strand of hair (Fung 63). It is through this view that Yang Chu has earned the description, one who despises things and values life. Lao Zi is the sage identified with Taoism primarily because of the Tao te ching, the book he is supposed to have composed at the request of a guard asking hum for his legacy before he left society altogether. Unlike Yang Chu, Lao Zi is still concerned with practical life. He does not espouse the escapism of Yang Chu but rather makes sure that in our day to day living, we still followed the way of Nature by preser ving the simplicity of life. To do this, one is encouraged to keep in mind two concepts: wei-wu-wei and the principle of yin-yang. The former can be interpreted as doing without doing, while the latter can be emphasized as the harmonious opposition of things. For Lao Zi, to follow the Dao is to let things be, to leave things the way they are. Suffering is caused by our desire to change things or to control events in our lives. As this will never happen, we fall into frustration. To be happy, one must be content and not meddle in the ways of Nature. To go with the flow, so to speak, is the secret to a satisfying life. Thus, wei-wu-wei allows us to be active without disturbing the natural flow of things. It is not mere passivity, but rather an activity that facilitates the working out of the course of Nature. We do not do more than what is necessary. â€Å"Do you work, then step back. The only path to serenity† (Lao-Zi, chap. 9). â€Å"Practice not doing and everything will fa ll into place† (Lao Zi, chap. 3). The water symbol of the Dao is central to their philosophy. It literally goes with the flow and does not rise above itself, yet it is a very powerful element. Water is soft, yet it overcomes the hard as the river polishes the stones where it

Historical and Scientific Perspectives on Homosexuality Essay Example for Free

Historical and Scientific Perspectives on Homosexuality Essay Historical and scientific perspectives have molded homosexuality, and the way homosexuals are viewed by themselves and others. In past western society ancient Greece, homosexual teachings were performed by the Greek society, and were thought of as a societal norm Younger males were normally seen in a homosexual relationship with an older male, these types of relations were common in ancient Greece. The way Greek perceived life back in ancient times it is starting to ease up in our modern time, and homosexuality is beginning to be viewed as if we were in ancient times especially among western countries. In modern time homosexuals are learning to cope with their homosexuality, as it is beginning to be seen as something normal that has been here since ancient times for thousands of years. Homosexuality in the ancient Greek society shows that even back then people were aware of the different sexual behaviors and feelings certain people might have, and even back then they accepted people’s individual sexual choices. In modern day when a homosexual is first coming out and announcing his way of life he/she should be proud of what they are doing because it is something that has been going on for thousands of years, and is not something to be ashamed and secretive about. Homosexuals should not let judgmental people get to them by saying you were born that way or the environment influenced you to behave like that. The truth is the truth and you are who you are nothing can or will change that is if we stay true to our self. This means as long as we know where we came from and who we ar e why should we let peoples words bother us because we know the truth about our self. As we move along, back to ancient Greece and now also including the people of ancient Rome’s homosexuality. In both of the cities ancient Greece/Rome men would travel the streets of the city looking for someone to rock their world. On top of roaming the streets for some good quality male bonding they would dress and act as if they were not men, but female. This was look at in disapproval and unacceptable that is why when the religion of Christianity increased and started to grow the downfall of ancient Rome followed, and homosexual relations were banned. The new found law prohibited sexual behavior that was not found normal. Normal sexual behavior being male-female  and marriage any other acts of sex, and the people would be punished for their actions. This law continued for many years to follow, and people were committed and punished if they broke the law. Unfortunately this did not stop homosexuals from expressing their homosexuality they just became more discrete about it, so they would not see punishment from their actions. Today, most modern religions still do not approve of homosexuality seeing it as a sin. Some countries are very religious, and prohibit homosexual activity; those that are found guilty will be severely punished. The view that is seen on homosexuality in the modern day has been seen for thousands of years. That is why some homosexuals are afraid to accept their sexuality because of religious reasons (punishment from god) and society (disapproval). The hatred that is forced upon gay individuals has made it very difficult for them to be accepted among society. In our society it is normal when found to be gay to be criticized for it, and deal with harsh treatment that a straight person accepted in society would not have to deal with. When found to be a gay individual they even may have to change their church to one that accepts the view of a homosexuality. When growing up we learn that homosexuality is unnatural and not the right way of life that is not the case it is completely natural. Unfortunately many times in the beginning a homosexual might not know what they are experiencing wondering why they are different, and if it is alright they could grow to hate them self for it thinking that they are not normal. In modern time many countries still punish homosexuals, while others are more accepting they just deny homosexuals the right to marry due to religious reasons. That is all slowly changing and I think in the future will be seen differently. The scientific views on homosexuality are homosexuals inborn or is it caused due to environmental influences. That is a question that have been asked and wondered for many years, but in modern days there is evidence directing us towards homosexuality developing as an inborn characteristic. Research done on both identical and fraternal twins, show that there are higher concordance rates of gay monozygotic twins. Rathus, Nevid, and Fichner-Rathus, (2005) report that about â€Å"52% of identical (MZ) twin pairs were found to be â€Å"concordant† (in agreement) for a gay male sexual  orientation, compared with 22% of fraternal (DZ) twins and only 11% of adoptive brothers† (p. 312). Also, evidence has suggested that hormonal influences could be responsible for differences in sexual orientation. Rathus, Nevid, and Fichner-Rathus (2005) explain that prenatal sex hormones be responsible for tissues in the brain to think sexually one way, but for genital development to be the other way. Also, structural examinations on the brains of heterosexual and homosexual males have provided speculative evidence that a part of the hypothalamus in gay males is smaller than that region of the hypothalamus in heterosexual males. Developing an understanding from the scientific view point on homosexuality has helped homosexuals understand why they are the way they are. Before scientific studies provided the information that homosexuality could be due to inborn, many individuals believed that people decided to be homosexuals. After the scientific studies though that thought is seen as false, and the reason why people become homosexuals is because they are born that way. Homosexuals do not choose their sexual path they are born having sexual arousals from the same sex. Homosexual people do not hate them self as much knowing the facts from the scientific studies that they were born that way, rather than choose to be that way now they feel it is how god wanted they to be and they can accept them self’s. Out The Closet and Accepting Who they are The biggest goal to overcome when being a homosexual is when the perfect time to come out the closet, and admit to our family and friends (hey I’m a homosexual). Not only is finding the perfect time hard to find, but also finding the right words to use when telling them you are not just going to say hey I’s a homosexual. Another difficult obstacle to overcome is accepting the different view we will see from society when coming out. Many homosexuals are afraid to tell friends and family because they have not completely grasped the concept of what they are. This is especially seen in someone who is transformed from heterosexual to homosexual. Another thing  that bobbles around their thoughts when coming out is that they will lose important people in their life or lose their job. Coming out or letting people into your homosexuality is a very challenging experience that is one of the most difficult task a homosexual will face. One of the most common deaths an early homosexual faces is suicide normally for one of two reasons understanding their new sexuality or the fear of coming out to other people about it. Once a homosexual takes control of their power and accepts the fact they are living a life of homosexuality they can adjust to what society expects from them. After they can accept what society thinks of them they can form a relationship with an intimate partner, and develop a perfect homosexual lifestyle. Historical and Scientific Views Reflected on Personal Sexuality One’s personal sexuality has been molded and determined by history and scientific views that are seen in one’s life culture or society. Historical and scientific views reflected the way people see their own personal sexuality for the better. It has helped homosexuals better understand why they are the way they are, and they are not different that throughout time there has been people of the same sexuality facing the same problems. In modern time the punishment might not be as harsh as back in ancient time, but it is still there and seen. Homosexuality is still frowned upon by many, and many also criticize and harass homosexuals because of their difference in behavior. In the future with homosexuality become more open and known about to the public I think that schools should teach about it at an earlier age to help the younger society better understand it. Homosexuality in most cases is misjudged and treated in the wrong way if people learned about it at an earlier age t hey could learn to have a kinder understanding, and be more accepted of homosexuals. Another benefit of teaching it at an earlier age is that it would give people the benefit of know why they are the way they are, and if they feel they are different.Homosexuality has been around for thousands of year before Christianity it was accepted freely, but after the religion started growing rules banned homosexuality from being free. Homosexuals had to live in the shadows hiding who they were afraid of society, and how they would be treated and the punishment they would receive  if found to be homosexuals. Throughout time the harsh treatment homosexuals faced has not ended it is becoming more in the open, and they are beginning to be accepted for who they are. Homosexuality is not always chosen it is sometimes something we are born being we cannot help they way we feel, but that does not make us different. Our sexuality might not be the same as everyone else’s, but neither are their sexuality to ours. Reference Rathus, S.A., Nevid, J.S., and Fichner-Rathus, L. (2005). Human sexuality in a world of diversity. (6th ed.) Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.

Thermodynamics Field Can Contribute Our Daily Life Philosophy Essay

Thermodynamics Field Can Contribute Our Daily Life Philosophy Essay The research report will describe that what is thermodynamics. What are the advantage of thermodynamics. How thermodynamics will make our life easy. The research report will show different branches of thermodynamics and how it works. The report will also highlight some histories of thermodynamics .On the other hand, there are some analysis and facts relating with our daily life easier and more efficient. Justification The main reason for choosing this report is because Im interested in the thermodynamics, which is our daily exposure. I also want to specify my study in thermodynamics, which is major branch of my study which in mechanical engineering. Nowadays, thermodynamics technology are using everywhere and they make our life more convenient. So, I want to do research how thermodynamics works and how they contribute to our daily life. 1.0 Introduction Boiling water is hot. Ice is cold. The diversity between hot and cold is detected naturally ability to sense heat and its opposite. We measure heat with a thermometer and we assign it a temperature. Dictionary definition of hot and cold relate those sensation to our normal body temperature. Warm things have temperatures above our body temperature, and cold things have temperatures below our body temperature. In this way, humans are able to compare the temperatures of things and get a subjective sense of hotness or coldness. In one sense heat is a sensation in the mind. But we know that some physical process is causing our nerves to be stimulated in this way. What is happening in nature that causes us to feel these sensation of hot and cold? It isnt only human beings who respond to heat flow and changes in temperature. Heat affects all material objects and the environment as well. Temperature determines whether most substances exist in a solid. Liquid. Or gaseous state, Heating and cooling, if it changes the temperature of a substance enough, can change the state of matter. SO basic is the phenomenon of temperature that physicist consider it a fundamental property of matter. Along with volume mass, electric charge, and time. The word thermodynamics consist of thermo, meaning heat, and dynamics, which refers to movement or change. In this broadest sense, thermodynamics is about heat and how heat moves and changes. The fact that heat move at all was itself a discovery of considerable importance. Its not at all obvious. You light a campfire and it warms you. It has heat. The fire goes out, and heat seems to disappear. Common experience will not tell you that none of that heat has really disappeared. Heat is a form of energy and energy can b neither created nor destroyed. That, as you will learn, is one of the most important of the laws of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is really all about the study of thermal energy and how it behaves. Over time, Scientists and engineers learned that heat energy is related to work. The classic example is the steam engine, in which heat energy is used to boil water, creating steam to push a piston attached to a rotary shaft. The shaft can then be used to turn a train wheels or a ships propeller of the machines in a factory. In this process heat energy is converted into a mechanical energy, Understanding what heat and temperature are and how energy is transformed into different forms in essential to understanding the modern industrial world and how we get thing done. As we shall see, much of our theoretical understanding of thermodynamics did not come about until people could examine the functioning of real machines like the steam engine. 2.0 History of thermodynamics The ancient Greeks believe that the world is built up of four basic elements: water, air, earth, and fire. However they did not understand the true nature of heat, the ancient Greeks learned to use it to operate simple mechanical devices. Little is known of the life of Hero of Alexandria. He wrote treatises on working with the simple machines, like the lever, the pulley, the wedge, the wheel, the gear, and the screw. He described a primitive steam engine called an aeolipile. It consisted of a reservoir of boiling water connected by a tube to a large, hollow sphere with open, bent tubes coming out of it. The sphere was attached to a gimbal so that it could rotate. Heated steam entering the hollow sphere caused it to spin as it blew the steam out of the bent tubes. The aeolipile was the first device known to transform heat into ratery motion in effect, Heros device was the first steam turbine The history of thermodynamics started with G.Galilel(1597) who introduced the theory of temperature and he also invented one of the first thermometers. It was G. Black (1770) who was the first to use the term Thermodynamics. In 1772 G. Wilke introduced the unit of measuring the a mount of heat a Calorie. It was W. Tompson (1859) who introduced term thermodynamics into conventional use. In the 20th century, thermodynamics became a basic independent division of Theoretical Physics dealing with the study of general properties of physical systems under equilibrium, as well as common regularities taking place with attaining equilibrium. Thermodynamics is divided into phenomenological and statistical thermodynamics 3.0What is thermodynamics? Thermodynamics is a division of natural science related with heat, energy and work it defines macroscopic variables that show material and radiation and explains how they are related and by what law. Thermodynamics shows the average behavior of , large numbers of small divisions. 3.1Braches of thermodynamics 3.1.1 Classical Thermodynamics Classical thermodynamics shows the changes of thermodynamic in terms, either of their time-balanced equilibrium states, or else of their continually repeated like clockwork processes, but, formally, not both in the same account. It uses only time-balanced, or equilibrium, small quantities that can measure in the laboratory, counting as time-consistence a long-term time-average of a quantity, such as a flow, achieved by a continuously repetitive process. Classical thermodynamics does not accept change over time as a central circumstance in its account of processes. An equilibrium state stands constantly without change over time, while a continuously repeated cyclic process runs repeatedly without change over time. In the classical field closely and purely in terms of cyclic action, the best internal of the working body of a cyclic process is not considered; the working body thus does not have a characterized interior thermodynamic state of its own because no expectation is made that it should be in thermodynamic stability; only its inputs and outputs of energy as heat and work are considered. It is of course possible, and absolutely common, for the result in terms of equilibrium states of a system to show cycles composed of indefinitely many equilibrium states. 3.1.2 Statistical Thermodynamics Statistical Thermodynamics, also called statistical mechanics, appeared with the development of atomic and molecular approaches in the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century. It shows an explanation of classical thermodynamics. It considers the microscopic cooperation between individual particles and their combined motions, in terms of classical or of quantum mechanics. Its explanation is in terms of data that rest on the fact the system is built of several species of particles or collective motions, the branches of each species individually being in some sense all alike. 3.1.3Laws of Thermodynamics The laws of thermodynamics are different from others. Therere altogether four of them. Theyre arranged from zero to four. Not because they are arranged by discovery in order but because they are numbered some especially. The second law is different from others and therere no effect on others. It has different formulas. The first law describe the quantity of internal energy of a system, which was found from kinetic energy and from its potential energy which relates to its surroundings. The first law describe the transferring of heat between closed system as work. The second law include two theories which is known as temperature and entropy. Entropy shows the limit which is known as irreversibility from the beginning, on the work that can reach to an external system by thermodynamics process. The effects of temperature, which halfway showed by the zeroth law, which has quantities in the direction of energy flow as heat between two system in thermal connection and which is known as comm on sense of hot and cold 3.2.1.Zeroth Law If the object A is thermally equal with object B, and B is thermally equal with C. So, the object A is thermally equal with object C. This is more a matter of relationship than of physics. If they have the same temperature, the two objects are thermally equal. If object A and object B has the same temperature, and the object B and C have the same temperature, then both A object and B object have the same temperature. The most important thing in Zeroth Law is that, when a hot and cold object are place in contact together, the thermal energy will flow from hotter to the colder object until their thermal energy will remain equilibrium. 3.2.2.First Law Lets consider the first law as an isolated system. That means heat and energy can neither leave or enter the circle. Such system does not done any work. But we can imagine it with a certain energy inside it, namely U, which depends on the kinetic of the molecular system and also the systems temperature. The internal energy is the same with potential energy because it has a property that does not work. But it still has the potential to do work. The first law describes that the internal energy of the system increases if heat is added to a system. The first law can just show another way of the laws of conservation of energy. As heat and work are another form of energy, if they go outside of the system, it will affect the internal energy of the system 3.2.3.Second Law The Second law is popular for its formulation of entropy. Entropy is a technical term for talking about confusion which is found in the 19th century. The same theory let us know that heat energy automatically flow cold from hot and theyre not flowing in the opposite direction. This also remind us that if the ordered system can turn easily into disordered system, But disordered system cannot turn easily into the ordered system themselves easily.3.2.4.Third Law The third law of thermodynamics states that if an object reaches the absolute zero absolute zero of temperature (-273C), its atoms will stop moving. 4.0How Thermodynamics Works? 4.0.1.Refrigerator In refrigerator, the cycle is continuous. In the following example, we will show that the refrigerator use pure ammonia to keep it cool, which boils at -27 degrees F. This is what happens to keep the refrigerator cool: The  compressor  compresses the ammonia gas and the compressed gas heats up as it is pressurized . The  coils  on the back of the refrigerator let the hot ammonia gas take its heat. When it reaches high pressure, the ammonia gas condenses into ammonia liquid at high pressure. The high pressured ammonia liquid flows through the  expansion valve. Theres an expansion valve with a small hole. On one side of the hole is high pressured ammonia liquid and the other side of the hole is a low-pressure area it is because the compressor is sucking gas out of that side. The liquid ammonia boils immediately and vaporizes. Its temperature dropping to -27 F. This makes the inside of the refrigerator cold. The cold ammonia gas is sucked up by the  compressor, and the repeats the circle. 4.0.2 Air Conditioner Still, the major parts of an air conditioner manage to freeze and move air in two directions: indoors and outside: Evaporator receives the liquid refrigerant Condenser which act as facilitates heat transfer Expansion valve which regulates refrigerant flow into the evaporator Compressor which is a pump that pressurizes refrigerant The cold side of an air conditioner contains and a fan that blows air over the freezed coils and into the room and the evaporator. The hot side contains the compressor, condenser and another fan to release hot air coming off the compressed cool to the outdoors. In between the two sets of coils, theres a expansion valve. It regulates the amount of compressed liquid moving into the evaporator. Once in the evaporator, the refrigerant experiences a pressure drop, expands and changes back into a gas. The compressor is a large electric pump that gives pressure the refrigerant gas as part of the process of turning it back into a liquid. 4.0.3 Microwave Oven Microwave oven uses microwaves to heat food. Microwaves are a type of wave that are between radio waves and infrared radiation on the electromagnetic circle. For the process of microwave ovens, the commonly used wave frequency is about 2,450 megahertz (2.45 gigahertz).Waves in this frequency range have an interesting effects. Theyre absorbed by water, fats and sugars. Once absorbed, theyre converted directly into atomic motion, heat. These waves have another interesting property too: Theyre not absorbed by most plastics, glass or ceramics. 5.0Advantages of using Thermodynamics The devices as shown above each of them have Advantages. By using refrigerator we can keep perishable food, such as, vegetables and milk for much longer periods. Refrigerators also have a freezing part that will keep frozen foods and make ice to use in beverages By using Air Conditioner, its more comfortable and we can adjust the indoor temperature. In extreme heat, air- conditioning can be a life saver, improves the air quality and most air conditioner also reduce the humidity level, which helps both comfort. For Microwave oven, it can cook many food about 1/4th of the time necessary on a gas burner. It saves time in heating frozen foods. Food gets cooked uniformly. 6.0 Disadvantages of using Thermodynamics Thermodynamics not only have advantages but also have disadvantages. By using refrigerator it costs a lot of electricity to run. They are also environmentally unfriendly the refrigerator also contain refrigerant that can be damaging to the environment because of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) content. This material is suspected to be the cause of reduction of earths ozone layer. When we frequently use the air conditioner, the air conditioning disease will occur. It is characterized by fatigue weakness, cough or fever and so on. Air conditioners energy consumption is considerable. It will consume a lot of energy. It also release CFC, which is environmentally unfriendly. Microwaves can cook food in very short period. Due to short period of cooking, food does not become brown unless the microwave has a browning unit. Sometimes unwanted chemicals migrate to food from plastic cook ware or food packages. The short cooking time may not give a chance of blending of flavours as in conventional methods. 7.0Recommendation As a result of the research carried out, it appears to be necessary to understand all the field of thermodynamics. Future technologies are requiring new materials with unusual effects that will either be prepared by high-temperature techniques. One of the important thing that can affect the pollution to the environment easily are the new devices. Equipment using volatile fluids that can harm to the stratosphere and destroy the ozone will have to be replaced. Devices that emit sulfur oxides will have to be modified to reduce sulfur emission to very low values. The ability of solar energy used devices will have to be improved and nuclear power plants will have to be designed to make less serious accidents. So that energy production by combustion to carbon dioxide is greatly reduced. 8.0 Conclusion The research report has taken information from various sources to understand what is thermodynamics; what are laws of thermodynamics; how they works; and how they make our life easier? It shows that thermodynamics used devices are very convenient to use. If there were no thermodynamics devices in this world it would be many difficulties to pass a day. By improving the uses and devices of thermodynamics, they can make our life more convenient and can reduce the environmental reduce the environmental side effects.